Sharu Paul

Sharu Paul

Sharu Paul is a Research Scientist at the Genome Informatics Facility at Iowa State University. His background is in Biotechnology with a Ph.D. in Genetics and Genomics. His research is wide-ranging, covering topics from Single-Cell Analyses to the building of Deep Neural Networks. By employing an extensive range of bioinformatic analyses, he seeks to solve big data problems and contributes to developing workshops and tutorials for USDA scientists.

DataScience Workbook / 09: Project Management / 3. Resource Management / 3.3. Storage & Version Control / 3.3.1. GIT - a distributed version control system / GIT Commands

This is a list of the most commonly used Git commands in command line and VSCode with their functions.

Git Commands for Command Line

Category Command Function
Creation git init Creates a new local repository
  git clone [url] Clones a repository into a newly created directory
  git remote add origin [url] Sets the origin remote for the repository
Branching git branch Lists all branches in the repository
  git branch [branch-name] Creates a new branch
  git checkout [branch-name] Switches to the specified branch
  git merge [branch] Merges the specified branch into the current branch
Updating git push origin [branch] Pushes the branch to the remote repository
  git pull Fetches and merges changes from the remote repository
  git fetch Retrieves the latest changes from the remote repository without merging
  git remote -v Lists all the remote repositories
Snapshotting git add [file] Adds a file to the staging area
  git commit -m "[message]" Commits the staged changes with a descriptive message
  git status Shows the status of files in the working directory
Configuration git config --global user.name "[name]" Sets the name you want attached to your commit transactions
  git config --global user.email "[email address]" Sets the email you want attached to your commit transactions
Tagging git tag Lists all tags in the repository
  git tag [tag-name] Creates a new tag at the current commit
  git push --tags Pushes all tags to the remote repository
Working with Changes git diff Shows the differences between the working directory and the staging area
  git diff --staged Shows the differences between the staging area and the last commit
  git restore [file] Discards changes in the working directory and restores the file to the last commit
  git rm [file] Removes a file from both the working directory and the staging area
  git mv [old-path] [new-path] Renames or moves a file
Commit History git log Displays the commit history in chronological order
  git log --oneline Displays the simplified one-line commit history
  git show [commit] Shows the details of a specific commit
  git blame [file] Displays the commit and author information for each line of a file
Stashing Changes git stash Temporarily saves changes that are not ready to be committed
  git stash list Lists all the stashes in the repository
  git stash apply [stash] Applies a specific stash to the working directory
  git stash drop [stash] Discards a specific stash
  git stash pop Applies the most recent stash and removes it from the stash list
Reverting Changes git revert [commit] Creates a new commit that undoes the changes made in a specific commit
  git reset [commit] Moves the current branch to a specific commit, discarding commits after it
Remote Repositories git remote add [name] [url] Adds a new remote repository
  git remote remove [name] Removes a remote repository
  git remote rename [old-name] [new-name] Renames a remote repository
  git fetch [remote] Retrieves the latest changes from a remote repository
  git pull [remote] [branch] Fetches changes from a remote repository and merges them into the current branch

VS Code Git Commands

has its internal terminal where you can use the command line Git commands. In addition, VSCode also has a command palette Ctrl+Shift+P which can be used for Git and other commands. Following is a list of most common commands in that palette, additional commands can be searched for within the palette.

Category Command Function
Creation Git: Initialize Repository Initializes a Git repository in the current workspace
  Git: Clone Clones a remote repository into the current workspace
Updating Git: Add Adds changes in the working directory to the staging area
  Git: Commit Commits the staged changes with a descriptive message
  Git: Push Pushes the committed changes to the remote repository
  Git: Pull Fetches and merges changes from the remote repository
  Git: Fetch Retrieves the latest changes from the remote repository without merging
Branching Git: Switch Branch Switches to the specified branch
  Git: Create Branch Creates a new branch
  Git: Merge Branch Merges the specified branch into the current branch
  Git: Pull from... Pulls changes from a specific remote branch
Stashing Changes Git: Stash Changes Temporarily saves changes that are not ready to be committed
  Git: Apply Stashed Changes Applies the most recent stash to the working directory
  Git: Stashed Changes Lists all the stashes in the repository
  Git: Drop Stashed Changes Discards the most recent stash
Reverting Changes Git: Revert Changes Reverts the changes made in the selected commit
  Git: Reset Changes Discards changes in the working directory since the last commit
Remote Repositories Git: Add Remote Adds a new remote repository
  Git: Remove Remote Removes a remote repository
  Git: Rename Remote Renames a remote repository